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3.
Sugar production of Cuba became less profitable when the America passed the tariff of 1894.

Cubans began to revolt against their Spanish captors in 1895 after the Spanish began to place Cubans in reconcentration camps and treat them very poorly.

Cuban revolutionaries began to reason that if they destroyed enough of Cuba and did enough damage, then Spain might abandon Cuba or the United States might move in and help the Cubans with their independence.

America had a large investment as well as annual trade stake in Cuba.

Congress passed a resolution in 1896 that recognized the belligerence of the revolted Cubans.

President Cleveland refused to budge and fight for Cuba's independence.

American diplomats had already gained Madrid's agreement to Washington's 2 basic demands: an end to the reconstruction camps and an armistice with Cuban rebels.

Although President McKinley did not want a war with Spain, the American people did.

He felt that the people should rule so he sent his war message to Congress on April 11, 1898.

Congress declared war and adopted the Teller Amendment. It proclaimed to the world that when the United States had overthrown the Spanish misrule, it would give the Cubans their freedom.

6.
In late 1898, Spanish and American negotiators met in Paris to begin heated discussions.

The Americans secured Guam and Puerto Rico, but the Philippines presented President McKinley with a problem:

he didn't feel he could give the island back to Spanish misrule, and America would be turning its back upon responsibilities if it simply left the Philippines.

McKinley finally decided to Christianize and to civilize all of the Filipinos.

Disputes broke out with the Spanish negotiators over control of the Philippines because Manila had been captured the day after the war, and the island could not be listed among the spoils of the war.

America therefore agreed to pay Spain $20 million for the Philippines.


The Anti-Imperialistic League sprang up and fought the McKinley administration's expansionist moves.

In the Senate, the Spanish treaty ran into such opposition that is seemed doomed to defeat. Democratic presidential candidate for the election of 1900, William J. Bryan used his influence on Democratic senators to get the treaty approved on February 6, 1899. Bryan argued that the sooner the treaty was passed, the sooner the Filipinos could gain their independence.

Just doesn't have a title for numbers 3 and 6

Spoiler:

Rudesill IB U.S. History, Period 2 13 January 2011 Chapter 27 Notes 1) Explain why the United States suddenly abandoned it's isolationism and turned outward at the end of the nineteenth century -farmers/factory owners want to expand(cultural/industrial production flourishes) -tension creates by industrialization needs room to expand -country has grown, people feel successful -religious figures want to spread their religion to "underprivileged" people(Rev. Josiah Strong) -Theodore Roosevelt and Henry Cabot Lodge saw Darwinism as means that U.S. was the most powerful and should expand itself -1880s, many countries(Japan, Germany, Russia) are all expanding, U.S. wants to expand too -Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan writes book saying sea power was the way to world control, inspires U.S. support of navy and the possibility of an U.S. isthmian canal(Atlantic and Pacific) -James G Blaine wants Latin American countries to work with U.S., opens L.A. markets to U.S. -results in 1st PAN AMERICAN CONFERENCE(reduce tariffs, big sister idea) -wasn't very successful, but paved the way for later meetings 2) Indicate how the Venezuelan and Hawaiian affairs expressed the new American assertiveness as well as American ambivalence about foreign investments -1895-1896: The United States fights with Britain over disputed Territory between Venezuela and British Guiana -gold discovered in disputed area -President Cleveland(anti-British) sends Richard Oley to tell Britain that by attempting to get this land, they are violating the Monroe Doctrine -Brit spurns message, Cleveland gets angry, says Britain will have to go to war with U.S. if they want the land -British end up honoring the Monroe Doctrine, because don’t want to go to war as they are distracted by Germany(captured some of their men) and Russia and France -importance of Monroe Doctrine is revives, L.A. Countries like the U.S. and Brit reconciles with U.S. (Great Rapprochement) -U.S. Navy settles in Hawaii, sees Hawaii as its own, becomes protective of it -1890: McKinley Tariff blocks sugar trade, U.S. planters in Hawaii want Hawaii to be annexed so the tariff will go away -Queen Liliuokalani says "no" -U.S. leads revolt and dethroned her(1893) -1893: Treaty for Hawaiian annexation appears but President Cleveland vetoes it(sees it as violation of Hawaiians' rights) -Cleveland seen as enemy of Manifest Destiny -Hawaii finally annexed in 1898 3) -Sugar production of Cuba became less profitable when the America passed the tariff of 1894. -Cubans began to revolt against their Spanish captors in 1895 after the Spanish began to place Cubans in reconcentration camps and treat them very poorly. -Cuban revolutionaries began to reason that if they destroyed enough of Cuba and did enough damage, then Spain might abandon Cuba or the United States might move in and help the Cubans with their independence. -America had a large investment as well as annual trade stake in Cuba. -Congress passed a resolution in 1896 that recognized the belligerence of the revolted Cubans. -President Cleveland refused to budge and fight for Cuba's independence. -American diplomats had already gained Madrid's agreement to Washington's 2 basic demands: an end to the reconstruction camps and an armistice with Cuban rebels. -Although President McKinley did not want a war with Spain, the American people did. -He felt that the people should rule so he sent his war message to Congress on April 11, 1898. -Congress declared war and adopted the Teller Amendment. It proclaimed to the world that when the United States had overthrown the Spanish misrule, it would give the Cubans their freedom. 4) State the unintended consequences of Dewey's victory at Manila Bay -U.S. people excited about the war -U.S. army not prepared, even with British help -U.S. Navy was at least better than Spain's -Commander George Dewey attacks the Spanish Philippines on May 1,1898 -attacks Manila Bay, annihilates Spanish fleet, no U.S. casualties -U.S. doesn't have enough power to leave the bay and go onto the land -Foreign fleets send reinforcements to Spanish, Dewey begins getting frustrated -August 13, 1898: American reinforcements arrive and they talk to Filipinos -Emilio Aguinaldo leads talks(a revolutionary brought out of exile by the U.S.) -U.S. needs supplies from Hawaii for the Philippines -Hawaii is annexed to the U.S. 5) The Confused Invasion of Cuba -Shortly after the outbreak of the war, the Spanish government sent a fleet of warships to Cuba, led by Admiral Cervera -Americans began to panic, and the Navy Department was forced to dispatch some useless shps to appease the citizens. Cervera was blockaded in the Santiago harbor in Cuba by American ships -The Americans planned to attack from the rear, and leading them was, General William R. Shafter -The "Rough Riders," a part of the invading army, was a regiment of volunteers consisting of cowboys and ex-athletes. They were commanded by Colonel Leonard Wood, the group was organized principally by Theodore Roosevelt (who was glory-hungry) -June, Americans embarked at Tampa, Florida, and held their lace for almost a week. Only half made it to Cuba this regiment is known as the "Wood's Weary Walkers" - There was not a lot of opposition when William Shafter landed near Santiago, Cuba -On July 1st, fighting broke out at El Caney and San Juan Hill, up which Colonel Roosevelt and his Rough Riders charged Curtains for Spain in America - The Americans quickly closed in on the Spanish, and Admiral Cervera's fleet was entirely destroyed on July 3, 1898. Shortly thereafter Santiago surrendered -The Americans lost one, and the Spanish lost five hundred. Santiago then surrendered - America now planned on taking Puerto Rico, before ending the war - Puerto Rico gave little resistance to the arrival of General Nelson A. Miles and his troops; because the citizens viewed them as "liberating heroes" -On August 12, 1898, Spain signs an armistice -The Spanish might have won if they stayed in longer, because before the war's end, much of the American army was stricken with malaria, typhoid, and yellow fever -The biggest scandal of the war: the high death rate due to illness. (400 people died due to bullets, 5000 due to sickness/ bacteria). 6) -In late 1898, Spanish and American negotiators met in Paris to begin heated discussions. -Americans secured Guam and Puerto Rico, but the Philippines presented President McKinley with a problem: -he didn't feel he could give the island back to Spanish misrule, and America would be turning its back upon responsibilities if it simply left the Philippines -McKinley finally decided to Christianize and to civilize all of the Filipinos -Disputes broke out with the Spanish negotiators over control of the Philippines because Manila had been captured the day after the war, and the island could not be listed among the spoils of the war -America therefore agreed to pay Spain $20 million for the Philippines. -The Anti-Imperialistic League sprang up and fought the McKinley administration's expansionist moves -In the Senate, the Spanish treaty ran into such opposition that is seemed doomed to defeat. Democratic presidential candidate for the election of 1900, William J. Bryan used his influence on Democratic senators to get the treaty approved on February 6, 1899 -Bryan argued that the sooner the treaty was passed, the sooner the Filipinos could gain their independence 7) Analyze the Long term consequences and significance of the Spanish-American war -showed that U.S. has always been a world power -European nations begin to respect the U.S. -national pride increased -American imperialistic movements are now acceptable -U.S. now involved on the Far East, however their hold I'm the Philippines will create trouble for them later(when the U.S. won't feel the need to defend the Philippines) -naval pride increases, big warships are built -Elihu Root takes over war department and creates the Washington War College(helps U.S. in WW1) -nationalistic spirit of U.S. bridges gap between North and South